Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A ramp for wheelchairs can be a valuable aid to help a loved one live more independently at home. If they are not designed properly they can be dangerous to use.

ADA regulations require that landings must be level with any change in direction, so as to avoid compound slopes. They also need to provide a gripping surface for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp's design must be in line with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs comfortably navigate the structure. The ramp's slope shouldn't exceed a ratio of 1:12, and the landings must be level in any change of direction or change in the ramp surface. The ramp must also be constructed of treated lumber, which is more durable and withstands rain better than untreated lumber.

The sides and top of the ramp need to be free of obstructions such as bushes, trees or other structures that may interfere with the safe passage of the ramp's user. In addition the ramp's surface must be smooth and non-slip. Certain municipalities require an anti-slip running surface along the ramp's entire length.

For the frame of the ramp Choose treated lumber that is at least four inches wide. Make posts to support the ramp, ensuring they are at least eight feet apart, and that they extend below the level of the ground. Spindles are the best way to connect the posts to the ramp's railings. This type of connection reduces the chance of a ramp operator slipping off the side.

Then, build the frame of the ramp using beams 2 by 4 inches in size and Joists that are at least 16 inches long. Make sure that the joists are a minimum of 18 inches above ground level and are secured using Joist hangers, which are nails that grip the inside of the joists and stop them from sliding off the ground. Attach the ramp decking with framing nails.

Add an upper landing to the doorway so that the wheelchair-bound occupants are able to easily maneuver the doorswing. This landing should have 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of the doors that swing out. The landing for doors with in-swinging should be 58 x 60 in order to accommodate the threshold of the door and a wheelchair user who has to reverse through the doorway.

Install an elevated landing at every alteration in the direction of the ramp to avoid the necessity for wheelchairs to hit on their brakes while turning corners. A level landing also makes it easier to move the ramp out of the way when needed to allow lawnmowers or other equipment can pass underneath it.

Materials

The material used to construct ramps for wheelchairs could be either concrete, wood or aluminum. A professional ramp installer will help you choose the best option for your office or home. It is essential to take into consideration your budget and needs when selecting the materials for the ramp. The ramp should also be Aidapt Easy Edge Threshold Ramp - 460x540mm Mobility Scooters to maintain and safe to use. Certain cities require that the ramp be paved with a non-slip surface.

Before you purchase any building materials or begin construction, make sure you have the appropriate permits from your local authority and that you comply with all building codes in your area. Utilizing the incorrect materials or construction techniques can result in dangerous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find the most current information on construction requirements at your local building department office library or online.

Wood ramps are often the most affordable alternative for ADA ramp materials. However, they require more maintenance. Wood ramps should be maintained regularly using a sealer in order to avoid rot. Wood can splinter and can be dangerous for people who use wheelchairs. Wood ramps may require additional support to keep the structure in place and stable.

Concrete ramps can be expensive but they are also durable and long-lasting. They are also heavy, which demands more effort to install and can make moving the ramp when it is no longer needed difficult. Concrete ramps are sturdy enough to support the weight of power wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are lighter and more affordable than steel or concrete. They also have the same durability, strength, and corrosion resistance. They are also less expensive than steel or iron which makes them an excellent choice for those on a tight budget. Aluminum is also eco-friendly, since it is naturally found in the Earth's crust and can be recycled.

The ramp's upper landing should be at a level level, or within 3/8 inches of the threshold of the door, allowing wheelchairs with smaller wheels to pass across the ramp without getting stuck. Ramps that have a gap greater than this won't meet ADA standards. Also, ensure that the ramp transitions smoothly from the upper landing to the ground surface. The final section of the ramp should be curved to prevent wheelchairs from stopping abruptly at the point of leaving or entering a home.

Installation

A wheelchair ramp is a plane inclined ramp that can be erected as an alternative or in addition to steps. It allows wheelchair users, as well as people who use strollers or carts to access areas that are otherwise difficult to access.

When choosing a wheelchair access ramp, there are a variety of aspects to take into consideration, including the location, height, and cost. The ideal is for a ramp to be situated as close to the door as possible to avoid unnecessary journeys. It should also be placed at a level that is easy to navigate by the person who is using it. It should be firmly anchored to the floor and clear of obstructions, such as trees, cars parked or other obstacles.

ADA regulations stipulate that ramps must have handrails on either side. These rails should be at 36 inches apart and have a gripping surface that is rounded or smooth. They must also be anchored to the edge of the ramp, and extend 12 inches beyond it. Handrails should be continuous if the ramp is constructed with switchbacks or in an L-shaped layout.

The length of a ramp depends on the slope, however there are several common ramps that are suitable for most situations. A threshold ramp, for example, sits flush against the curb's lip or threshold of the doorway. Portable ramps are, on the other hand, can be moved to a different location and come in various sizes. Modular aluminum ramps can also be built on-site. These ramps are commonly used in commercial or public areas and are usually longer.

If you are considering a permanent ramp, make sure you check with the building department of your city to determine if you'll need permits. Also, you should consult a My Mobility Scooters specialist about the type of ramp that will work best for your needs and the space. In some instances the installation of permanent ramps can increase the value of your home.

Maintenance

It's important to make sure your ramp for wheelchairs is maintained, especially if are going to use it often. You'll need to conduct regular inspections and address any structural issues as they arise. This will ensure that the ramp meets all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.

Wooden ramps require regular maintenance to remove debris and dirt that can obstruct access. Cleanliness of the ramp will also prevent moisture from accumulating beneath the surface and creating the onset of rot. Preservatives and stains for wood only work properly only if the ramp is clean prior to application.

Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps because they are more susceptible to wear and tear. It is crucial to have the right tools. To ensure that all fixings are secure and secure you'll need an excellent set of screwdrivers and gauge spanners. It's also worth regularly inspecting the handrails to ensure they are in a good condition and are free of damage or corrosion. It's possible that, over time, with repeated usage some of the fittings and bolts that hold the handrails on may loosen and cause an extremely dangerous risk for those who use the ramp.

It is also essential to make sure that the surface of the ramp is grippy enough, especially in winter when the conditions can be difficult. You'll need to remove any leaves, dirt and other debris that may block the surface and cause slippage. In addition, you'll want to apply a non-corrosive ice melt to the ramp's surface prior to winter arrives to prevent slipping and causing injury.

Consider purchasing "snow tires" or traction wheels for your wheelchair if are planning to use it for the duration of the winter. They're specifically designed to offer better tracking on uneven and snowy surfaces and are therefore more efficient than standard wheelchair tires at keeping you on the ramp. You can also utilize heating pads or tape to melt snow and ice on the ramp prior to it accumulates.